-Tapas: heat; spiritual austerities -Svadhyaya: study of the sacred scriptures and of one's self -Isvara pranidhana: surrender to God 3. Asana - yoga position. 4. Pranayama - breath control. 5. Pratyahara - withdrawal of senses from their external objects. 6. Dharana - concentration. 7. Dhyana - steadfast meditation. 8. Samadhi - state of consciousness and total equillibrium.